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1. 00:04 okay ladies and gentlemen thank you for coming my name is uh I’m the author of several books in Psychology this is the most known of them Mal is this is the end of the recl now to the
2. 00:32 please if you could all
3. 00:41 rise you can see [Music] them why did you get up why did you get up because I asked you yeah okay any other question why did you get that authority authority yes you why did you get respect respect respect to Authority or you didn’t want to embarrass me you didn’t want me to to
4. 01:09 shame you yes maybe want me Good Start respected you say get up we get up if I say get up you get up I tell you jump out the window and for first time okay I have lectured in many many countries as you can imagine and I can tell you that there are countries in
5. 01:33 which almost no one will get off there for example the country that I come from Israel if I tell a group of Israelis in a lecture same setting authority figure audience and so on if I tell them get up one or two will get up in a group like this and the others will say why
6. 01:53 what for why do you want us to get up what will happen after that where are you leading Etc in other words ladies and gentlemen it’s very very important the culture and society that people come to you as therapists or is psychologist some of you will become
7. 02:18 therapists some of you will become psychologists some of you will become normally it’s Macedonia politicians but those of you who become therapists and psychologists will encounter people patients other therapists colleagues and so on so forth
8. 02:37 always ask yourself what is the cultural and social background of your patient it is critical don’t think that this is a secondary issue is actually the first issue that issu us your Macedonia belongs to this group of of societies and cultures conformist collectivist
9. 03:00 you care very much about what other people say about you you care very much about other people’s opinions you are embedded in a community and you define yourself your self identity is derived from your relationships with others with your family with your generation with your
10. 03:20 colleagues with your friends and so on so you are collectivist you are consensual you are conflict averse you don’t like conflict you try to avoid conflict at all costs sometimes too much cost you are consensual and you are hierarchical authoritative as I just
11. 03:39 proved to you I stood here I’m an authority figure whatever that means I told you to get get up all of you got up all of you got up not one of you remain seated so you are you respond to Authority contrary to that and so these societies some of them are very very
12. 04:00 accomplished Society such as Japan Japan is identical it’s also conformist collectivist consensual C Etc so the Japanese are the same here you would put for instance Israel some parts of the United States not all in the south southern United States is more like this but east coast
13. 04:23 and Northern United States are more like this these societies are individualistic they do not respect authority they doubt Authority they question authority so they are defiant and they are narcissistic they pursue their own goals accomplishments and desires and benefits
14. 04:41 at the expense of others they are exploitative and so so these are examples of two types of societies if you have an Albanian patient and a Macedonian patient these would require two completely different treatment approaches treatment plans completely
15. 04:57 different considerations if you have someone from Turkey and someone from Israel again two completely different plans of treatment approaches techniques which techniques to use gal is for one type of patient you know cognitive behavioral therapies for another you can’t use all the
16. 05:15 treatment options all the treatment modalities with all the patients today what I’m going to do I’m going to discuss five topics in Psychology like this one culture and society and so on five issues in Psychology and I’m going to demonstrate these issues via little known little
17. 05:33 known mental health disorders disorders that you cannot find in the diagnostic and statistical manual and disorder or disorders that are so rare that there are few people in the world with these disorders but each disorder will teach us something about
18. 05:50 human nature the human mind and you as therapist or teachers of psychology or psychologist or whatever let’s start with culture and Society we have something called culture bound syndromes culture bound syndromes mean syndromes mental health problems
19. 06:10 that are unique to specific locations in the world when such a patient immigrates to the United States and goes to a psychiatrist or a therapist this kind of patient will not be understood because his disorder the pattern of abnormal behavior is unique to this culture
20. 06:30 society and geography cannot be found anywhere else in the world I’ll give you four very brief examples each example I will write down the name of the disorder and you if you want to can look it up later on the Internet or in books and learn more about it if you want it’s up to
21. 06:55 you this is a disordered Market the first one is called Zar Zar is when a patient comes and claims to have been possessed by a demon it’s possession in effect but not possession like in Western Society in Western Society the demon is an external hostile entity it is an
22. 07:25 entity that is evil malicious takes all over someone’s body in order to use the body for its own purposes zal is something different zal is a disorder which we find in Iran Ethiopia other parts of the Middle East and so on Z is an intimate relationship between
23. 07:48 the patient and his or her demon it’s a little like couple like a couple the patient has intimate knowledge of the demon develops a relationship with the demon accommodates herself or himself to the demon and they live together happily ever after in the same body they are
24. 08:09 sharing the same body it’s like someone once Define friendship that’s what is friendship friendship is two souls in the same body Aristo Aristo said friendship is two souls in the same body two souls in the same body is Z when such a person comes to you the
25. 08:26 best treatment technique would be couple therapy I’m not kidding me c therapy so it is a form of possession unique to special geographies you’re not likely you’re not likely a therapist to come across someone with Z but it shows you that mental health is not a science in the
26. 08:49 sense yes cultural talking about
27. 09:01 mental health is not a science with strict quantifiable elements it’s not like physics mental health depends where who when when also as you will see later it’s very fluid it’s a little like art closer to Art than to science although if you go to the Western universities
28. 09:22 the psychologist they will be very angry they will say no no no it’s a science we have now machines that measure blood in the brain so it’s a science that’s of course a joke we’ll come to it later psychology has never been a science and never will be a science psychology is
29. 09:38 about human beings when human beings are involved we don’t have science we have observations yes we have observations we can even systematize the observations but we can never make a science out of it which we will come to later another example is called that’s a t one
30. 10:01 they are all examples of cultural yes
31. 10:29 taing kosu is a mental health disorder found only in one country in the whole world Japan Japanese are as we just said collectivist consensual they are very they are shame driven it’s a society that is shame driven embarrassment driven the main thing in Japanese
32. 10:50 society as in Arab Society by the way and some other societies is shame to avoid shame to avoid embarrassment to avoid disgrace you know people not to talk about you etc etc so Japanese are like that this disorder taging means my body is an embarrassment it is the belief that the
33. 11:16 patient develops that his body causes other people embarrassment not him but the body causes other people embarrassment so for instance he believes that he has a bad smell his body exudes a bad smell or his body is ugly very ugly and he’s not concerned
34. 11:38 about himself is’s concerned that other people are inconvenience that other people feel bad because they are exposed to bed smell or to ugly person that is strictly Japanese I think it would be very difficult to find in other societies something you even are
35. 12:00 familiar with because it existed in Macedonian Society think until recently maybe even
36. 12:10 today Moko Moko means evil eye evil eye evil eye means if you have a baby or or a child and someone someone looks at the baby or the child and is jealous jealous that you have a baby or jealous that the baby is beautiful or jealous the baby is healthy
37. 12:33 and so on that person who is looking at the baby gives the baby the evil eye it’s called mopo and it’s common in Spain Portugal and Latin America and so on it is a mental health disorder because the person the person who believes in Mal Deo develops total
38. 12:52 paranoid ideation total paranoia it’s a paranoid spectrum disorder but unique to Spanish speaking provinces there was something like that in Macedonia in Spain and by the way in Spanish Spanish for is Spanish Jews that immigrated to Turkey my mother is is a
39. 13:16 Turkish Jew Spanish Turkish Jew she immigrated from her family immigrated from Spain to Turkey so they brought with them the maloko to Turkey so the Spanish Jews in Turkey the Latino Jews have this Mal and these societies developed huge rituals treatment modalities in
40. 13:37 Psychotherapy rituals outside Psychotherapy and all codes of conduct to avoid maloko it’s a whole science of how to avoid Malo I will give you one example if a baby becomes sick after a neighbor saw him and gave him the M oo so there’s a neighbor she saw baby she
41. 13:59 gave him M baby became sick why she only she do you know a men with with evil
42. 14:09 ey this is culture see it’s a cultural artifact absolutely absolutely that’s why I ask absolutely it’s a cultural artifact it’s a gender gender discriminatory approach gender Prejudice but I’m mentioning she all the time because Malo the people who cast
43. 14:26 Malo are exclusively women that’s not connected to me that’s the I was sure about it exos wom so if this neighbor Woman cast M on the baby the baby becomes sick there is a whole procedure the baby has to be sold to another family sold for one coin so they take
44. 14:45 the baby to another family they give the baby they take a coin and the baby changes his name why to deceive the devil so when the devil looks for him for he will not find him because changed the name the baby Chang name and these babies are called melc or
45. 15:04 mecado if you come across someone in Spain Portugal Latin America Brazil and so on called Mercado or mercada means that he is a sold baby he was sold because of Mal he or she for real for sold for a coin and not for a ritual for real it’s a ritual but that family
46. 15:26 becomes also his family like whom a little like M Mia M finally the last example I will give you although there are many is homosexuality and this time in the west you I don’t know if you know that until 1980 1980 not 1880 1980 homosexuality was considered a mental
47. 15:53 illness it was defined as a mental health diagnosis in the diagnostic and statistical manual edition three so if you if you get a copy of Diagnostic and statistical manual edition three you will find among the other mental health problems parano schizophrenia I don’t
48. 16:09 know what you will find homosexuality so homosexuality was a mental illness in the west actually it was also criminal offense in Britain until the 1940s in Switzerland until the 1950s in the United States and in the 192s and so on so forth but that’s
49. 16:25 besides the point more importantly it was a mental health problem people were treated for homosexuality they were taken to psychiatrist and therapists and the psychiatrist and therapist tried to teach them to love women if they were men or to love men if they were women
50. 16:42 this is nice case and there were bad cases yes and no that I said criminal people were put in jail Oscar wild of course Alan Hing Comm committed suicide after yes soing by the way will be mentioned later so uh homosexuality is an example of culture bound syndrome in Western
51. 17:04 Society homosexuality was considered to be a mental illness in others no not at all okay this is issue number one culture Versus Society I would like two volunteers to come here and if no one comes here I will choose like in the Israeli Army two volunteers I’m looking at you I
52. 17:26 have the [ __ ] I not you not you you are you are too knowledgeable I have to be careful with [Music] you of course you I’m looking at you half an hour and a woman no woman with Mal I’m looking for a woman I’m looking for a woman you you were
53. 17:56 treated actually no please be seated okay you will be in the next demonstration okay so sorry you you have been chosen but don’t worry you speak English one so uh uh maybe we should have someone who speaks English
54. 18:20 one for this demonstration doesn’t matter does matter doesn’t matter for next demonstration I one I will ask you for next demonstration I have to do that I
55. 18:34 please I want you to Pro proof to me that you are real verbally or anywhere you choose prove to me that you real I don’t believe you real I am that’s not very conving prove it they can see me they can hear me
56. 18:59 it’s
57. 19:06 real we take a coffee break no go ahead it’s only you and me okay I want you to prove to me that you’re right not to them uh you can see me uh you can hear me uh I can’t touch you you can touch me maybe you can smell me if closer maybe I don’t know may maybe uh you can
58. 19:35 p something about me or I about you you heard of uh you heard of course of hallucinations yes so maybe I’m hallucinating that you’re here I’m hallucinating that you’re touching me I’m hallucinating iose your mag very wrong very wrong
59. 19:59 I don’t just finish this finish this after
60. 20:17 leave what’s your name l l yes I’m surrounded all
61. 20:30 so lyia lyia is trying to convince me that she’s real and she says that I see her but we have hallucination where people think that they see something and it’s not there she says that I can touch her and we have type of hallucination that’s called tactile hallucination
62. 20:44 where we can touch something and it’s not there she says I can hear her and of course the most common form of Hallucination is auditory hallucination where we can hear voices but they’re not there including voices that tell us to kill our family and we kill our family
63. 20:58 our family but there was no Force so auditory hallucinations tactile hallucinations visual hallucinations at this stage I’m not convinced that you’re really can you find where where you are can you find something something that will convince me completely that you really beyond
64. 21:17 beyond doubt not possible to be hallucination No Sol solic solm just back no I’m not I’m not vouching for any philosophical system I’m asking you to convince me that you’re you told me that I can see you not convincing told me that I can touch you not convincing you told me that I
65. 21:39 can hear you not convincing you have anything that will convince me that you’re real do want I uh I to be real do I want you to be real oh yeah or you don’t want if I want you to be real it makes things even worse because it maybe really I’m having a what we call voluntary
66. 22:00 Association so the thing is the thing is this there is no way she can convince me that Chic yes uh just to jump in real quick so um the major the majority in a culture makes the objective b so we’ll come to that exactly not about you it’s about us true when we all see and touch
67. 22:23 it it’s very true we come one on one or one on many it doesn’t matter because there is something called shared psychosis where a group of people develop hallucination common hallucination to all of them yes so there is no way to convince me or you as
68. 22:40 a group the che dream no way since you’re not dream you can so how do we know that she’s real how do you know that Lydia is how do we know that is
69. 22:59 what’s your name Stan St stepan mentioned and [Music]
70. 23:15 agreement when we have a sufficient number of sensor sensor is information that we get through our senses through our Eyes Ears smell face etc etc we call all this information coming through the sensus sensor many sensor together are
71. 23:43 sensorial when we have an overwhelming a lot of sensor organized not only sensor but organized in a sensorium in a matrix or in a pattern we decide totally arbitrarily that this is real reality is therefore a convention a convention something we decide totally
72. 24:10 arbitrarily based on sensory input that is organized in a certain way Lydia gives me sensory input voice I can see her she touched me etc etc but this sensor input was not random input it was organized in the form of Lydia the it came from the same
73. 24:34 direction when she said I’m touching you I also felt the touch so there was correlation between the her mobile is ringing despite the sign so here’s another when you put all the sensor together in a matrix that is consistent no part contradicts the other
74. 24:59 that is coherent the parts sit together and create a story narrative we call it and that is uh strong so we call it a strong sensorium uh that cannot be explained by any other way in any other way when we have this we say that this is real but there is no way to prove it we cannot
75. 25:23 prove reality there are mental States like like psychosis schizophrenia parano yes and other mental States not only psychosis we I’ll give you a few [Music] examples maybe to silence it would be a good idea I don’t know how to deal with because it’s new let
76. 25:53 me um the perception that something or someone is real depends not only on sensor that are organized but also depend on your state of mind I can give you a drug your state of mind will change your sensorium will change perception of reality will change you
77. 26:13 can become psychotic especially if you listen to the lecture to the end can become psychotic perception will of the world will change perception of reality will change there are dozens of mental health conditions where perception of reality changes the other option is other option
78. 26:31 is to answer or you can answer if it’s not it’s new I don’t know how to but you can answer it’s not that will prove that you’re no it’s not I mean hallucination that the phone too too much so now I’ll give you a few examples of mental health conditions where
79. 26:58 reality itself is in question not only perception of reality but reality itself is in question these patients will never agree with you about reality never mind what you do never mind which technique you use never mind which treatment option modality that you cannot reach
80. 27:16 agreement with them on on reality I give you a few example
81. 27:28 all these examples as I told you at the beginning are rare conditions conditions that are very rare you are not likely to come across them in practice ever but it’s interesting that they exist because they teach us [Music]
82. 27:51 something Cass delusion Cass delusion is all of them are named after the doctor who discover Papas delusion is the delusion that your wife husband family members pet pet your dog is not really your wife husband family member or pet but has been taken over by aliens or by another
83. 28:22 entity so if I had cupgrass delusion I would look at Lydia my wife and I would say she looks like Lydia she talks like Lydia she smells like Lydia and moves like Lydia but I know very well that it’s not Lydia it’s an alien who took over her body and is using her body to
84. 28:40 communicate with me to do something to me and so cgas delusion is the delusion that there is an imposter inside the body of people who are close to you or even your pets it’s that bad and nothing you can do will convince these people that your wife is your wife what are you
85. 29:01 talking about it’s your wife nothing no no it’s not my wife it’s an Alan it’s a an imposter this is Cap’s
86. 29:12 delusion psychosis now this is something much more common psychosis or psychotic syndrome is a part of a much bigger disorder called schizophrenia par psychosis is a situation where figments fragments of the personality and the sensor that go with them are projected
87. 29:40 outside so it’s like a breakdown disintegration of the personality the fragments it’s like explosion personality exploded the fragments of the personality were thrown all over and each one of them is attached to some kind of sensor so it could be auditory
88. 29:59 this kind of person would hear voices it could be visual so he would see Visions etc etc this is psychosis it’s also a condition that denies reality because these people are convinced Beyond any doubt that what they hear what they see what they touch
89. 30:17 is real but it’s not there of course not only are they convinced that it’s real they act as though it is real so if a voice tells you to do something you do it if you see something you walk around it it’s very common one of the tests in in initial therapy of psychotic people
90. 30:37 is to ask them if they see something they say yes I see I don’t know what a building and to ask them to to walk into it so they do this they walk around it’s one of the initial test so psychosis is an example of denial of reality shared psychosis
91. 31:01 sh psychosis is the new term for
92. 31:10 f which in French means going crazy in two or going crazy in in a lot in many many people going crazy f f now known as shared psychosis is psychosis classic psychosis with auditory inations visual hallucinations and so on so forth paranoid persecutory
93. 31:32 delusions paranoid hallucinations someone is chasing me the CIA is bugging me gki is after me you know this
94. 31:42 kind so I’m not
95. 31:49 politically it’s mov is chasing it’ll be precise in my in my case so the it’s a psychosis that is shared by more than one person usually there is one dominant person this person is called the host so one dominant person and this dominant person infects the others exactly like
96. 32:14 epidemic infects the others we have this in Cults in cult settings we have shared psychosis so for instance the famous case of 900 and something people who drank Poison Jones the famous so he he said the world is ending the world will end in 2 days and before the
97. 32:32 world ends better to commit suicide 900 and something people committed suicide some of them voluntarily some of them not so but a few hundred volunteered to commit suicide because they belied that in two days the world is ending so this is shared psychosis now shared psychosis
98. 32:50 is auditory Visual and so on so on but mostly paranoid shos is usually paranoid but the important thing is not not to Define now but the important thing is these people lose touch with reality their reality is different if if I am in an Evangelical
99. 33:08 Church in the United States I could induce shared psychosis in my congregation towards Lydia claiming that she’s the devil and there are documented cases like this hundreds isolating a single person in the congregation and saying she’s the devil and inducing shared psychosis
100. 33:26 towards so it’s it involves parano us but lack of cont
101. 33:36 reality Anon Babinski Anon Babinski
102. 33:45 syndrome Anon babinsky syndrome is someone who is blind the patient is blind cortically blind the optical nerve the cortex are dead there is no electrical activity in the brain in the optical regions the optical nerve is completely dead but the person insists
103. 34:04 that he’s seeing or she seeing they insist that nothing’s wrong with them they can see anything and everything even though they are totally blind so to compensate for their blindness because they’re blind they can’t see anything but they claim that
104. 34:19 they see any everything so to compensate for that they create a whole reality in their mind they create a reality that they they believe is outside themselves and they walk in this reality which is completely in their head they walk in this reality as though they see like
105. 34:38 they see we call this the Anon binski again the of real and finally a very bizarre
106. 34:54 syndrome insomia it’s also called slep State misperception again remember what we’re talking about we’re talking about mental health disorders where there cannot be agreement on what is reality if such a person comes to your office as therapist
107. 35:12 you cannot begin to talk to them because there’s no agreement what is reality you can’t it’s the the modes of communication are closed in psychosis first you have to treat with medication and only then you can start talk therapy because of that because
108. 35:27 there’s no agreement on reality if you tell the psychotic person you are not hearing anything what are you talking about God is talking to me you know can’t you hear they say usually they say in treatment can’t you hear you know can’t you hear the voices so you have to
109. 35:40 treat them with medication first Soo insomnia or sleep state misperception is when someone is asleep but thinks that he’s awake and they are convinced that they’re awake and when they wake up in the morning they say I didn’t sleep 1 minute it’s horrible and their body reacts as
110. 35:58 as though they slept their body is well rested and there’s no problem no reaction to but psychologically they become more and more and more tired they become sluggish they can hardly move they sit a lot they develop psychosomatic psychogenic symptoms like
111. 36:16 Talia and so on because they didn’t sleep and they didn’t sleep and they begin to faint they begin to collapse and finally they die they sleep well by the way these people sleep very well but they are convinced that they are awake they wake up in the morning
112. 36:35 they didn’t wake up they’re still awake this is called pseudo insomnia here is a disagreement on reality you tell them but listen you’re asleep here’s a video you see you’re asleep here’s your your EEG patterns electricity patterns in the brain you see that you’re asleep you
113. 36:50 know there are different waves when you asleep you see that you’re asleep here’s a video of you asleep another they are not they did not sleep they know they did not sleep you’re cheating them you are inventing something this hot
114. 37:16 in and now uh you and you for the
115. 37:28 [Music] nak
116. 37:38 it up your hand one of them
117. 37:46 is hey what is she feeling what is she feeling in her hand cold water cold water waet waet Mo cold water wa and what is he
118. 38:07 feeling how do how do you I don’t know but I feel the same how do you know that you feel the same I feel that too you feel it how do you know that he feels it see same water yes but are you the same person so how do you know how do you know anything about
119. 38:31 me the same water same water yes but are you the same person are you him no is he you so how do you know anything about him huh think how do you know he has water you have water and you say he is feeling how do you know what he’s
120. 38:56 feeling uh you said that he’s feeling wet you you said she’s
121. 39:04 feeling you said that she’s feeling I will talk English but you answer must you said that she’s feeling wet how do you know that when she is feeling wet it is the same like you are feeling wet okay you’re feeling wet she’s feeling wet how do you know it is the same feeling is it
122. 39:32 no but how do you know that she is feeling wet like you are feeling with how do you know the same person with noral feelings she’s she’s a person and you’re a person that’s common basis so tell me are you the same person your your persons are you the same
123. 39:54 person no so how do you know that her witness is your wetness how do you know that the way the way natur that she feels wet is the same way that you feel wet because I know that she has she is a normal with normal feelings and she nothing so what you’re saying is
124. 40:15 this actually let me translate you you’re saying we are two identical machines we are the same machines we are machines with programming to react in certain way so we are you are saying we are you’re saying we are identical because look if you are not identical you cannot know
125. 40:37 anything about it if you are not identical in every bit every aota every atom every molecule if you are not exactly the same you cannot know how she feels wet but if you are identical if you have two copies of the same machine iPhone 6 iPhone 6
126. 40:59 that machines machines are the same even machines are not the same if you ever work with machines you know that each machine is its own personality but okay machines are the same if I take my my laptop to this technician that technician de technician dead technician
127. 41:16 they all know what to do machines are the same are people machines no how do you know that she feels wet like you feel wet the answer is you don’t know you don’t know you don’t know that she feels you would never know you don’t know that she feels way the same way you
128. 41:35 don’t know that she feels pain the same you don’t know that she sees the color red the same way like you you can agree to call this red but that’s it you don’t know that she experiences red the same way you experience there is danism color blindness two people looking at Red they
129. 41:56 will both call it red but the delist experien is red differently so we don’t know thank you um if we don’t
130. 42:14 know if we don’t know anything about another person any single thing what do we do we project what we know of ourselves onto another all human relationships are projection all of them projection as you know is a defense mechanism in Psychology where we attribute to other
131. 42:43 people what is going on what is going in our mind in our minds something is going up in in our own mind and we say it must be the same with her it must be the same with him this is projection sometimes projection is pathological so if I’m a very jealous
132. 43:04 person I would say my wife is very jealous that this projection I’m actually jealous but I’m projecting this is pathological projection but there is non pathological projection normal projection and this normal projection we call empathy
133. 43:28 empathy is when we put ourselves in someone else’s shoes we say how would it be to be Lial
134. 43:39 how would it be to be Lial so we put I put myself in her shoes for a minute I project myself but it’s important to remember I project myself I will never know what it means to be liia ever in principle no human communication is possible when we communicate we exchange
135. 44:06 symbols and we agree on the symbols but not on the people when I talk to one of you we exchange symbols I give you words you give me words and we agree on the words but I don’t know anything about you and you cannot know anything about me ever now this approach
136. 44:28 is known in Psychology in philosophy sorry as
137. 44:37 solipsism solipsism is the belief of school is in philosophy that says that essentially the only object of knowledge the only thing we can know anything about is US me I can know maybe I can know some things about me but zero about you and nothing about reality and nothing about
138. 44:59 the world only thing I can say for sure is
139. 45:10 this this is the only thing I can say for sure kitum I think therefore I am I
140. 45:18 cannot prove that you are I cannot prove that you are I cannot prove anything but I can prove and only to myself that I exist because if I don’t exist who is thinking this if I don’t exist who is thinking I don’t exist for me to think I don’t exist I
141. 45:37 must first exist the machine sorry the machine thinks it’s a ma it’s a machine like perception yes but every sentence comes from existence so if even the sentence I don’t exist proves that I exist because I have to say it so this is Solis this by the way was said by the
142. 46:03 card no I know that you so this is solution now as I told
143. 46:13 you we know everything about ourselves and nothing about other people so how do we manage how do we function as society as group you’re all here together listening to me and talking to you I assume that you exist why what is all this this is something we call the inter subjective
144. 46:36 agreement stepan this is the agreement you talked about stepan mentioned an agreement this agreement is called the inter subjective agreement you are subject I subject we uh people are called subjects in the philosophy and are called objects in Psychology by the way
145. 46:58 very interesting in Psychology we call them objects in philosophy we call them subjects so er in philosophy we say that
146. 47:09 subjects subjects people make agreement about the world you can ask and how do we know that this agreement is correct because it works we don’t know that it is correct we know that it’s it’s working not not L we make agreement an agreement between us about reality and we don’t
147. 47:32 know if it is correct agreement we don’t know if it is really reality for instance I make an agreement with you about what it is to be human I am wa you are weight what it is to be human you are feeling weight I’m feeling weight this is agreement do I know it’s true no
148. 47:49 because I don’t know how you feel weight and I I know only how I feel with I don’t know if it’s true but I know that it’s working because we we can agree that we are both wet after a full water understand it’s agreement this agreement don’t make the mistake is not true it’s not
149. 48:13 correct it’s not real this agreement between people about what is reality and what it means to be human what it means to be human this agreement is not really not true not correct it’s functional it’s working okay again I will give you a few examples uh you want them to take a
150. 48:42 break and continue or or you want to I think it’s better to to have a little break five 10 minutes I’ll give you a few examples and after that we take a break those who survive and come back again a few mental health issues that demonstrate that we can’t access other
151. 49:03 people that we that the agreement about what is to be human the agreement about what is reality is totally arbitrary totally arbitrary and only functional doesn’t have to be written so start with a disorder called kot
152. 49:46 C syndrome in the patient with kotal syndrome believes that she already died
153. 49:57 I’m saying she because uh two3 of patients are women believes that she already died or believe that she doesn’t have a body or believes that she doesn’t have parts of the body she believes she doesn’t have a heart or brain but it’s not beli she behaves as
154. 50:17 though she doesn’t have a body so she walks around and she refuses to eat so I don’t need to eat I don’t have a body I don’t have body or I don’t have parts of the body so for instance if she says I don’t have a stomach I don’t need to eat or I don’t have a brain so I don’t need
155. 50:34 to watch or read there’s been the first case of kotal reported in the 19th century was a woman we don’t know her name but she was identified in the literature as mm X of course the Frenchman discovered this so as mm X and melex died because she
156. 50:53 refused to eat and she refused to eat because she said she doesn’t have a stomach and intestine and she wouldn’t e what why to so she didn’t e She di of starvation of Hung She was a rich one but she didn’t think why is this how is this relevant people with kotal
157. 51:13 syndrome don’t accept the inter subjective agreement you remember we have inter subjective agreement what is to be human they don’t accept disagreement of what is to be human for them it’s possible to be human without without a body possible to be human
158. 51:29 without a brain these people didn’t say I’m not human they didn’t say I’m alien they said I’m human but I don’t have a body what so they did not accept the inter subjective agreement that we all have about what is to be human this is and indeed in French it’s called
159. 51:49 the delusion of negation so they negate their Humanity they don’t accept subject subjetive another example is
160. 52:13 seonia seonia also known as sleep sex sounds good absolutely sexium slip sex is having sex while you are truly and deeply asleep not pretending to be asleep not half asleep iogic or hypnopompic you the two stages between sleep and waking up not hypnogogic sleep
161. 52:41 not hypnopompic sleep means between waking and sleeping but deep sleep extremely deep dreamless sleep nonrapid eyee movement sleep dreamless Del phase of sleep yes the deepest phase of sleep and and during this phase the person has sex orgasm everything I cannot make a
162. 53:06 demonstration on this particular isue it’s for our home workk no I forgot simply for homework yeah homework homework but sexia sleeps sleep sex and these people have sex and everything and even there are many cases several cases of impregnating
163. 53:27 that resulted from seonia and there have been at least seven documented cases of rape rape where the rapist was exonerated based on sexy it’s a real condition now why am I mentioning this condition here sexia because there is no agreement the inter subjective agreement
164. 53:51 breaks the inter subjective agreement says to be human is to have a body people people with cotal say no I’m human I don’t care about it the inter subjective agreement says to have sex you must be fully awake and you know sex means a meeting not only of the bodies
165. 54:08 but also of the minds not to mention condoms so so these people say no I can have sex
166. 54:17 while I’m totally asleep while I’m not there I can have sex without being there now that is way outside the inter subjective agreement they challenge inter subjective agreement again and finally there is a very much more famous and much more common condition called fug fug
167. 54:40 State this you see in movies also fug state is a uh you have a life you have a family you have work you have everything and then suddenly you wake up completely elsewhere with another family another work other memories another life completely and then you wake up in that
168. 55:02 life you continue that life and a few months later you kind of wake up from from this dream and you go back to your first life These are called fug States puke States they are actually sub subcondition of something called dissociation dissociative
169. 55:19 disorders the most extreme form of dissociative disorder is known as dissociative identity disorder which before that was called multiple personality disorder so most extreme form is dissociative identity and this is considered a benign form benign
170. 55:37 because most fugues last a few minutes to a few hours very extreme fugues last up to 8 months there’s no known case more than 8 months 10 is been 10 the single longest case in literature is 10 months fug state that person 10 months was a man he’s a traveling Statesman he
171. 55:57 was under huge stress because he was about to lose his job it usually happens after stress he was to lose his job and so on so he fed out disconnected dissociated cut himself from his life moved to another city found another job met a woman married her and had a child
172. 56:16 with her 10 months later he reverted we call reversion he moved back and he walk up to his first life not knowing anything about his new wife and his child and his work and his he was shocked to find himself in a totally foreign environment why am I mentioning this
173. 56:39 because our inter subjective agreement the agreement about what it means to be human inter subjective agreement means agreement about what is it to be human the agreement says to be human is to have continuity to have a biography to have continuity
174. 56:58 to have memory to have a continuous memory without continuous memory we cannot be human we I repeat without continuous memory of of our life we cannot have identity identity is memory also in the political sphere I’m not kidding Nations and so without
175. 57:22 memory there’s no identity that’s why Nations especially new nations come up with history they need history they need memory monuments they need monuments they need monuments as well yes it’s a leg part of inventing history so inter subjective agreement is about memory
176. 57:41 identity who we are but here are these people they say I’m human I’m human I’m human but I don’t have continuous identity I’m here I’m there this family this I don’t remember anything I don’t I’m human and this leads to the question people with dissociative identity
177. 58:00 disorder multiple personalities 40 personalities the most extreme case malan 80 person 80 are these humans in which sense are they human don’t they challenge the inter subjective agreement completely of these 80 personalities of Robert migan 23 were children 17 were women
178. 58:27 26 were men 43 were above the age of 18 12 were above the age of 17 two were in less than six months all of them were Robert Mal who is Robert malagan is he human being in which sense this inter subjective agreement breaks down when we confront such people we can’t understand
179. 58:52 there’s no way we can understand that it’s not that he’s pretending to be a baby or that he’s pretending to be a woman it’s a real personality it comes out really it’s he really becomes a woman he really becomes a baby he really becomes old man real
180. 59:10 totally real each personality has its history its memories its fears its artistic talents knows languages that the other personalities don’t know etc etc we’re talking about 80 people 80 distinct people in one body do we agree to call this person a human being he has 80
181. 59:31 Personalities in one body inter subjective agreement breaks down in front of such people completely okay we take a break if any of you comes back which will be a major surprise we will [Music]
182. 59:54 continue yeah
183. 60:01 you
184. 60:13 [Music] [Applause]
185. 60:23 [Music]
186. 60:32 during the 1940s there was a guy his name was Ellen Turing he was working in a place called Bletchley Park it was a secret facility of the British government intended to break the codes of the Nazis especially the Enigma machine and he was a mathematici and he in order to break
187. 60:57 these codes implemented or applied one of his theories which was published a decade before or maybe 15 years before which was called the universal machine Theory never mind what we call the universal what he called the universal machine is what we call today the computer and
188. 61:13 during invented the computer I’m telling you this so that you don’t underestimate the guy hello I didn’t find the answer I what about what about your children you don’t like your children yeah I called my husband all right that’s what Happ some
189. 61:36 husband I’m telling you this about uring so that you don’t underestimate it this the guy who invented the computer one of the choicest mathematicians in world history uh and so on and so forth he was also homosexual when it was discovered that he’s a homosexual he was subjected to
190. 61:53 interrogation by the British government he was fired and in prison when he was Rel in prison because he was homosexual active homosexual nothing else when he was released from prison he survived a year or two and then committed reset a culture bound syndromes so
191. 62:11 aluring came with this this is called the uring
192. 62:21 test the Turing test is a rule in the room the room is divided by a curtain the curtain is nontransparent so the here and here separated no one can see into the other’s compartment here there are three people people human beings investigator one
193. 62:44 investigator two investigator three in his version it’s three could be more less one doesn’t matter investigators these are humans they sit and their job in a minute I will tell you what here there are two test subjects two test subjects one of them is human one of them is a
194. 63:08 computer test subjects one of them human one of them computer three human investigators and now the job of the Three Investigators is to decide which of these two is human which is the machine sounds simple so in order to determine which is human which is the machine The Three
195. 63:34 Investigators ask questions ask each one of these questions the questions are transferred through a hole in the curtain in writing so that they don’t hear voices the voice can tell you if it’s machine human they pass on written questions they receive
196. 63:54 written titles type answer this is the Turing test Turing said that only when the machine we don’t know who is the machine only when the machine will succeed to deceive to cheat the investigators only then do we have artificial intelligence
197. 64:29 what is artificial intelligence it’s a machine a computer that can convince another human being that it is a human being that’s turing’s Definition of artificial intelligence Now ladies and gentlemen this happened last year finally last year a machine a computer
198. 64:50 convinced three Harvard professors that it is a human being that’s not easy the questions are not stupid questions like do you have two legs questions are very complicated write a poem or let’s talk or how do you feel today and why and so on so the questions are very
199. 65:10 nonstructured because machines computers have Advantage when it comes to structuring uh okay chest mathematics so there are no such questions questions are highly human questions and so the computer for instance wrote the poem not easy try you try you’re humans you try to write a
200. 65:28 poem wrote a poem describe this mood it’s mood sorry describe it smood chatted chatted with the three professors and so on and last year the first time in human history a machine a computer based on Watson IBM Watson cheated deceived three professors into
201. 65:49 beli living that it is the human and the human is the computer and now we have finally according to the truly artificial intelligence and this leads us to a very interesting question that is a question known in French philosophy and French psychology
202. 66:14 because in France by the way philosophy and psychology are very mixed disciplines there is no distinction like in the United States where everything is very technical between technical philosophy and Technical ology but it’s very mixed so if you have people like d
203. 66:29 and and so on they would write or fuk they would write equally on philosophy and psychology and mix the two and it’s flowing flows all the time as used to be the case before scientific Psychology was invented in the middle of the 19th century before the middle of the 19th
204. 66:46 century these were two twin disciplines totally mixed so um in France it’s called the question of the other the other now that computers can cheat us and convince us that they are human why will we not accept them as human why because they have metal and silicon and we have
205. 67:16 cargo why are they less human than me if they are sufficiently good to convince a Harvard Professor let alone three that they are human why aren’t they human in which sense these computers are not human they don’t reproduce they don’t have sex question of time not yet yes
206. 67:38 they don’t many and many humans don’t have they don’t fall in about also question of time did you see the movie Blade Runner blade run Androids Androids Philip KD the famous author do electric ship BL dream Androids there fall in love F6 and so on it’s really a question of
207. 67:58 time it’s not other finally 50 years from now 100 years from now there will be Androids robots machines computers whatever you want to call them who will look exactly like you they will be with artificial skin or real skin because today we have 3D printing machines that
208. 68:14 print real screen real skin today I repeat we have 3D printers that print real skin so they will have real skin they will have a body they will look exactly like you and it will be if we have a tonosi robot and I might get confused and it’s not a
209. 68:36 question of only getting confused but in which sense that Tony nski robot is not human it will be very difficult so there’s a question of the other but it goes even deeper than that because if I relate to a robot as a human I relate to all humans as robots
210. 68:58 what are you to me each one of you a package you’re a package your nerves and muscles and other organs packed nicely in in shrink crap skin and that’s it you claim that you’re human I take your claim as it is I take your word for it that you’re
211. 69:21 human you talk to me I talk to you we have inter subjective agreement which can have with the machine tomorrow what is your advantage over robots in which sense are you not robots and the answer is after many decades of thinking and analyzing and so
212. 69:38 on that there is no way for you to prove that you are distinct in any way shape or form from Advanced robs of the future who will look like you smell like you act like you talk like you and think like you so there question of the other now why am I mentioning
213. 69:59 this I said that we relate to others with empathy the inter subjective agreement who is human the inter subjective agreement about who is human what constitutes human we call it empathy if I have empathy I relate to you by thinking how is it to be you how
214. 70:20 is it to be you as I’m thinking how is it to be you I can relate to you it’s projection it’s not true it’s but it’s work it works okay we we’ve gone through this what happens with people who have no empathy some people have no empathy some people have no sex right
215. 70:44 some people have no hair some people especially in politics and the HS but what is it what do you do if you can laugh with what what do what do we do when there’s no empathy there are people who have no empathy we are not sure yet whether it’s because of
216. 71:06 genetics upbringing childhood abuse combination of the three but for some reason they lack empathy they are unable unable to sign the inter subjective agreement they cannot put them El in other people’s shoes what happens with these people we just said that in order to relate to
217. 71:32 each other as human beings we need empathy if they don’t if you don’t have empathy you cannot relate to other people as human beings you have to relate to them you have to relate to them because you need something from other people you work with other people
218. 71:49 you sleep with other people you have children with other people you know you need other people you can’t isolate yourself completely my store comes fixes your television you can’t avoid it unfortunately but you can’t but some of them but if you don’t have empathy how
219. 72:08 do you relate to these people you don’t have the inter subjective agreement well you you relate to them as robots simple you relate to them as avoc accounts
220. 72:25 as symbols as representations as representations symbols functions functions if you wish avatars you know robots for you other people I mean if you don’t have empathy other people are there as kind of um function
221. 72:49 that comes and goes there is also No Object constancy object constancy means that even when when I when you’re not with me you are still in me babies have that babies don’t have object constancy when the mother leaves the room they begin to cry because there
222. 73:06 if mother is not there and they don’t see mother there is no mother mother goes no mother so people with no empathy don’t have object constancy if my wife if I’m I don’t have empathy and and my wife is here she is here but if she’s not here she is not
223. 73:24 here in my mind they have no object constancy some politicians do politicians politicians it’s questionable whether they’re stop you need different kind of agreement now the people without empathy are called are called
224. 73:52 narcissist NIS and people with extreme form of narcissist in a way that is still debatable but an extreme form of narcissist is what we call [Music] Psychopaths now this is a complex issue Psychopaths because there is a big debate the official category official
225. 74:14 diagnostic category is antisocial personality disorder there is no Psychopaths there is a psychopathy in the diagnostic and statistical man only antisocial personality psychopathy and sociopathy are terms used mainly by the media and a few Scholars a few
226. 74:34 psychologists who are not considered auton such as Robert hair so there is a group of psychologists that they insist that there is something called psychopath but the mainstream Orthodoxy says there is no psychopath there is antisocial person and in the dsm5 in the
227. 74:52 latest edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual published last year narcissism and psychopathy are conflated they are not Amalgamated they’re not put together completely but they are kind of on a spectrum okay narcissist and Psychopaths have many
228. 75:11 traits but the most important thing one if I have to choose a single thing that characteriz they have no empathy they don’t have empathy so they are unable to relate to other people they relate to other people only in as much as these people give them
229. 75:28 something in as much as these people are functional in their lives so mostly it’s what I call narcissistic Supply attention attention admiration adulation affirmation but not only services so only then they relate to other people they don’t care about other
230. 75:50 people’s emotions partly because they have no access to their own emotions needs other people’s needs priorities preferences wishes are nonexistent because they don’t really relate to other people they relate to the function that other people fulfill in
231. 76:13 their lives they relate it’s like through a through a glass they don’t really touch someone else they touch the glass be behind which there is someone else and so they need the GL they need to interact with the glass not with the person so they don’t care about the
232. 76:31 other person’s priorities and so it makes it of course very difficult also to communicate with them because in order to communicate we must have an inter subjective agreement communication is based on being similar this is why it would be very
233. 76:49 difficult to communicate with an octopod from Neptune because an octopod from Neptune it’s not likely to be similar to you and you will not have a dictionary but it’s easier for me to communicate with Lydia or Zan or Tony because we have a lot in a lot in
234. 77:09 similar we have a lot together common the inter subjective agreement narcissists have no empathy they have no inter subjective agreement they cannot communicate for them for the narcissist everyone else is an alien everyone else came from another planet
235. 77:28 and they cannot talk to aliens extraterrestrials they use the Extraterrestrial for services for narcissistic Supply attention these things but they can’t communicate with the Enemy aren’t they lonely not really they’re not lonely because the narcissist is his own object
236. 77:51 as we say in Psychology when we we grow up as children we begin to notice that there are other people except us you know until the age of about two we are totally solipsistic we are we know only that we exist even mother is our extension mother there’s no mother and we there
237. 78:12 mother we mother is our continuation as we grow up there is a break it’s a very traumatic break and there is a whole sea of literature after the age of two when the child suddenly notices that the mother is not part of him the mother is not part of the child the child suddenly
238. 78:32 sees that there is Mother and there is me it’s a child break traumatic break second birth and we call this object relations this is when we have suddenly an object and we relate to it narcissist and psychopath of course start stop before this St
239. 78:55 they don’t progress Beyond this they have no object relations because they have no objects they are the true soles they and they alone exist there’s no one else there all of you are for the N to the narcist all of you are kind of dim Reflections on distant screams from time
240. 79:16 to time I will touch the screen because I need your function touch you bring you forth like a computer exactly like a touch touch screen touch the screen Bring It Forward use you and remove my finger and you should disappear if you refuse to disappear it’s a
241. 79:33 malfunction if you insist on being real with a narcissist if you say hey wait a minute I’m real I’m a real human being with my needs with my wishes with my hopes with my fears the Nar is even I would say terrified as you would be terrified if an icon on the computer would wake up
242. 79:53 and start talking to you as you would be ter exactly the same now in my in my books on narcissism
243. 80:04 I suggested that narcissist and Psychopaths don’t have empathy but they have a variant of empathy which I call cold empathy cold empathy so everyone has warm empathy warm empathy goes with emotions cold empathy is the ability to fully understand other
244. 80:28 people but without emotions exactly like I would read the user manual of a laptop so I would fully understand the laptop but of course I don’t fall in love with the laptop well depends which laptop actually but you you you understand what I mean so I I say that the narcissist
245. 80:49 has called empathy the ability to read read other people like x-ray it’s not like the N say x-ray Redan and he’s able to look at someone and read that person but in a cold calculated way like I would read a manual of a television set or refrigerator laptop and see oh this
246. 81:09 is the person now in order to get him to do this I need to push this button these are his buttons I need to push his button this is his vulnerability this is his weakness these are his fears these are his needs and I can push these needs and fears and vulnerabilities to get him
247. 81:27 to do what I want and this is what I call cold so there’s no emotions but this is a new suggestion a new and it’s still not accepted the current Orthodoxy in Psychology is that there is no empathy at all I don’t think it’s possible not to have empathy at all
248. 81:45 because if you have no empathy at all how does the narcissist know to manipulate people now say manipulate people all the time how can you manipulate if you have nothing in common I mean no to read some so I think there is called but definitely not the classic type
249. 82:01 of psychopaths are even worse while the narcissist regards other people as potentialities so if I look at you I if a narcist looks at you it would relate to you as a potential for let’s say narcistic Supply or you or you all potentials for narcistic Supply right
250. 82:23 now the narcist doesn’t need Supply so he doesn’t activate you but when he needs Supply he will activate you how will he activate you you need compliments he will give you compliments you need to feel intelligent it will make you feel intelligent you need to
251. 82:37 feel beautiful it will tell you you’re beautiful whatever so whatever it takes it will push your buttons it will read you out like a ren machine or MRI or computerized tomography CP and then push your buttons the psychopath doesn’t bother even with ity sopath not only lacks
252. 82:56 empathy but lacks the wish to interact with people narcissist is forced to interact with people because the narcissist needs narcissistic Supply The Narcissist needs to be told that he is brilliant that he is perfect that he is beautiful that he is amazing
253. 83:18 that is one of a kind narcissist needs this constant adulation admiration attention if he stops getting it he falls apart like the vampire no narcissistic Supply no narcissist narcissistic Supply is used to regulate The Narcissist sense of selfworth
254. 83:42 selfworth some of winess selfworth narcissist the sense of selfworth of the naris fluctuates one day he thinks is is God one day he thinks he zero one day he thinks he God one day so in order to keep thinking that he’s God which is a good figure to Fe God he needs
255. 83:59 constantly people to tell him you’re God you’re God you’re God so he needs people to regulate his sense of selfworth and to keep it euphoric to keep it on this L Psychopaths don’t need people at all they don’t need narcissistic Supply they don’t need people at all
256. 84:21 Psychopaths dehumanize very and objectify in other words they treat people as total objects they don’t expect anything from people they don’t want from you attention adulation admiration nothing they don’t want anything to they want to be able to get to you as an object take
257. 84:47 you shake you get from you what they want they want money money whatever they want sex whatever so last is is Psychopaths the humaniz and objectify the extreme form of psychopath the one we see in movies the one we see in movies is of course the psychopathic sadistic serial
258. 85:08 killer most serial killers are sexual sades but also have been diagnosed with psychopathy Robert hair made 30 years of studies in prisons and interviewed I think all the serial killers in the universe and all of them were 80 more than 80% of them were diagnosed as
259. 85:29 psychopath as well as some of them small minority with sexual ages now the serial killer objectifies to the maximum because it’s very common for a serial killer to take a trophy what is trophy body part body part nose and ear vagina whatever body parts this is the ultimate
260. 85:57 objectification while the psychopath will the regular psychopath will come to you and regard you as an as a bank account or as a sex machine or as a and will treat you as a bank account or a sex machine or whatever until he gets what he wants and if he doesn’t get what
261. 86:12 he want he will get violent in most cases That’s a classic psychopath the serial killer psychopath will treat you totally as object he will kill rape you kill you cut you off and take you as souvenir in most cases when it’s called trophy so this is the extreme the extent
262. 86:35 to which it can get this is the extent to which it can get narcissist will not cut you off because they need you for narcisstic Supply and so on so forth but they will not hesitate to damage you in other ways they will take souvenirs from you in other ways maybe not body parts
263. 86:54 but other things there’s no narcissist and Psychopaths deserve their own B narcissist and psychopaths are extreme forms of mental illness yes uh a question about the cold empathy so is that something that defines narcissist and Psychopaths and it’s only
264. 87:21 found uh in narsis assists and Psychopaths or is that something that they possess CU there are a lot of other examples of social manipulators like social predators and uh the I don’t
265. 87:40 remember uh people who lie all the time pathological yeah pathological lies they do this uh they possess a kind of but it’s not what my contention which is now common thinking is that most of these people are narcist and Psychopaths actually social practices techological
266. 88:01 lives and so is a narcissistic or Psychopathic usually if there is a money motivation and they Psychopathic if there is a motivation of Aging it great feel grandio not narcissistic the difference between narcissist and psychopath is that the narcissist wants
267. 88:17 one thing and the psychopath another narcissist once narcissist attention grandiosity inflation self-inflation so and at once practical things money sex and so manipulate both of them manipulate both of them like both of them regard people’s object and objects
268. 88:33 and so cold empathy is a new suggestion my suggestion not part of the but I suggest I propose that it’s limited to n and you can go to my YouTube channel and there is a there is a video on
269. 88:52 [Music]
270. 89:03 very
271. 89:09 original have to remember narcissist and psychopaths are extreme mental health cases but dehumanization and objectification are common responses much more common than narcissist and Psychopaths narcissist and Psychopaths together are less than 2% of the clinical population
272. 89:33 population who gets to to the cl to the mental health system so it’s a very small number of people but objectification and de humanization treating people not as humans but as objects that is much more common of course a very famous example is the way Nazis regarded the juice they
273. 89:54 they humanized the Jews they made propaganda films comparing the Jews to mice to Vermin to fleas through viruses and so on they dehumanized the Jews then they objectified the Jews they treated the Jews as objects they took them off the train immediately dumped them in a
274. 90:13 in a gas chamber killed them at the gas chamber burned their bodies processed the bodies made soap out of the bodies converted them to real objects so and objectification and dehumanization are very common Collective responses to conflict Collective responses to
275. 90:33 conflict when Randa Oris toti and hus dehumanize objectify each other whenever there’s a conflict especially eruptive conflict we dehumanize and objectify even with the Ebola epidemic we have dehumanizing OB objectifying reaction to people especially since we
276. 90:57 isolate them we put them away you like their objects we put them away we current Tinder it’s a logical rational response but it’s also objectified response whenever we whenever it’s a collective Collective not individual we’re stressed we in Conflict we react we become Psychopaths
277. 91:20 simple the Nazi period was a period of ascendant psychopathy a psychopath was in charge but vast majority of Germans became Psychopaths as well shared psychosis and full cirle it’s possible for a collective to become Psychopathic or narcissistic it is an infectious disease
278. 91:42 an EP epidemic we should not think of mental health as something unique or isolated to individuals individuals can and do infect each other with Ebola but with psychopathy also with malaria or tuberculosis but also with uh narcissism we have Collective responses
279. 92:05 and Collective a mental health
280. 92:11 issues the final topic y the final topic is the current state of psychology
281. 92:30 the dir is Secret of psychologist as opposed as distinct from psychiatrist psychiatrists are also medical doctors but the dirty secret of psychologist is that when they grow up they want to be scientists they want to feel that they are that psychology is an exact science
282. 92:49 they want to fill the their physicist they can be physicist physicist I’m saying physicist because I’m physicist so also physicist so they end with physicist physicist deal with quantifiable elements they have beautiful machines they get Noel prizes they’re
283. 93:08 famous they appear on Discovery Channel and so on it’s very un nerving huge envious reactions and so psychologist psychologist Psychiatry has always been distinct from psychology psychiatrist always held psychologist in low regard especially talk therapists
284. 93:30 psychiatrist always s thought that talk therapists are um quack doctors shamans you know which doctors so whenever you talk to a psychiatrist anywhere in the world doesn’t matter where they will po po they will be raped the psychologist and definitely therapist talk therapy has
285. 93:52 always been considered kind of Witchcraft white magic which it is not because it’s been proven now today in the last two decades it’s been proven the talk therapy creates changes in the brain the brain is very plastic and talk therapy creates several types of changes
286. 94:11 in blood flow in rewiring neural Pathways neural Pathways change with top therapy and so on so do therapy properly administered does have effects on the brain and that is the the joke on the part of the psychiatrist yes but still psychiatrists believe that they are here
287. 94:28 and psychologist and therapist should clean the toilet if possible so why because psychiatrists have studied medicine they have MD in addition to psychology I don’t want to begin know about about medicine some other topic Al together but uh I will
288. 94:46 limit my comments to psychologists and therapist not to psychiatrist for this distinction to be clear psychi psychologist and therapists want to scientif to make psychology more scientific and how do you do that by imitating and emulating the exact Sciences for instance by using a
289. 95:06 lot of mathematics so if you read modern papers in Psychology they’re all with Statistics with mathematics with matrices and you know everything looks very scientific differential equations I in the second way is to use machines because if you use machines it is accurate it’s
290. 95:29 quantifiable and it’s objective you can argue with a psychologist you can argue with a therapist but you can never argue with an MRI because MRI has colors and that’s it that is a bit childish a lot childish actually for sever
291. 95:56 and the only hope the only hope for psychology in my this are all this part this last segment is my opinion only my the only hope to psych to psychology is not in machines more and more sophisticated more and more costly is not in mathematics more and more
292. 96:14 complex that no one understands including the authors it’s in philosophy the only hope for psychology is in philosophy and I don’t mean philosophy classical philosophy but in in generating in forming a philosophy of psychology in adopting from philosophy the
293. 96:35 rigorous tests that philosophy applies to each disciplines including philosophy of physics my doctorate is in philosophy of physics this is where the whole and I going give you a few examp
294. 97:13 again I’m not talking about psychiatrist because psychiatrists are doctors psychiat are doctors they give you pills most psychiat vast majority of psychiat to give you pills you come they write a prescription they give you medication these are pill dispensing doctors only
295. 97:30 they don’t treat your kidneys or heart they treat your brain so I don’t I’m not talking about them they are medical discipline we can talk about medicine some other time for I’m talk about psychology classical psychology modern psychology and therapy
296. 97:48 in the first mistake that most modern psychologists make is is that they confuse correlation with causation in other words they demonstrate that certain self-reports because it’s all self-reporting you talk to a patient the patient has to report
297. 98:07 you are dependent on the patient as a psychologist and the therapist you’re dependent on the patient and that’s the first big difference between psychology and physics if I study the sun I am not dependent on the sun the sun is the sun continues in its Cycles I use my
298. 98:23 instruments and I measure the sun sun is there forever my instruments are there forever but if I talk to a patient I am dependent on the patient’s honesty ability to introspect introspection U lack of defenses uh need need to be held I’m I’m totally dependent on the Pati okay what
299. 98:49 modern psychologists are trying to do they’re trying to correlate they’re trying to sorry they’re trying to find which self-report by patient goes with which objective phenomenon so on the one hand they have self-report self-report and on the other they have objective phenomenon
300. 99:20 example pain
301. 99:27 MRI color so pain I prick I prick the patient pain and suddenly a part of the brain in the MRI lights up every time I prak the patient the same area in the brain lights up ah say the modern psychologist we found pain pain is this part of the brain this part of the brain generates
302. 99:55 pain and that is of course a very very first year mistake in philosophy but in philosophy the big problem is that vast majority of psychologists are not trained in rigorous logical thinking in philosophy there is a big difference between correlation and causation this is
303. 100:19 correlation every time a then B every time a then B but what caused what did a cause b or did B cause a can
304. 100:35 we establish conation we cannot there’s no way to establish and so the psychologist say it’s not true we can establish cation if we stimulate this area we stimulate this area of the brain with electron yes
305. 100:58 if we stimulate this area of the brain we get pained so this is CIS we first stimulated the area of the brain and then we obtain the same effect therefore it must be that the this area of the brain generates or creates the pain true however not the same
306. 101:26 experiment very true but not the same experiment this and this are not the same experiment you cannot learn from this experiment on this experiment this experiment tells us nothing about this experiment this is very important distinction one of the major problems in Psychology in
307. 101:47 Psychology is that we cannot repeat experiments experiments in Psychology are not repeatable if I make an experiment of this I put it in fire I put it in acid I break it I can repeat this experiment with very very high degree of accuracy because Tony will get me another 50 and
308. 102:13 I will repeat the same thing with 50 of them not so sure but if I make an experiment with 50 human subjects 50 human subjects can I ever repeat this experiment with 50 other subjects never more can I ever repeat this experiment with the same 50 subjects
309. 102:39 never because the first experiment was Monday the second experiment was Wednesday in the meantime you divorced you had an accident you didn’t eat well you didn’t sleep well something in Macedonia so so you are not the same subject by the second experiment on
310. 103:01 Wednesday you are not the same subjects it’s a major problem in Psychology experiments are not repeatable one of the major demands in scientific method is that experiments can be repeated not possible in Psychology this is a total mixup which a first year
311. 103:19 student in in philosophy would be thrown out of the SCH a leading to b a a and b happening simultaneously and then B causing a we can learn nothing from this on this or from this on this because they are not the same experiment so we have a problem of repeatability we can’t repeat
312. 103:50 experiment we have a problem of self-report we are depending dependent on the people in the experiments to tell us what they feel what they do what they you know you know you heard of defense mechanisms people deny people forget people suppress people people are not reliable
313. 104:10 test subjects why what do we have in modern psychology when you go to we just been to Cambridge and so go to these fing things what do we have you have many many psychologists working on M maybe today big the big thing is M and they are producing dozens of studies thousands of
314. 104:30 studies mapping brain activity compared to self-reports by patients does this tackle the core issue your raw material is a problem the patients the people that’s the problem the raw material you’re working on that’s your problem not what you do to
315. 104:51 these raw materials not which machines you are using it’s the raw materials I will go further imagine that they check a group of 10 people in MRI so they have brains they have beautiful color maps and so and then they need to repeat because if you don’t repeat it’s many
316. 105:07 Len many of these tests are not repeated they are once and that’s it but okay you need to repeat with the same 10 people again are they the same 10 people the same am I the same s Ving that I was yesterday no I’m not the same never I’m changing minute to minute hour
317. 105:28 to hour I can never be the same test psychology is uh psychology is in a dead end today in a dead end because it is trying to be a science it lacks the philosophic rigorousness and philosophical other opinions especially in logic and understanding of scientific
318. 105:55 methods philosophy of science Le all this it is using Machinery which is an objective element on non-objective test subjects which change constantly and cannot canot it’s stuck completely the history of psychology can be roughly divided to three periods
319. 106:15 roughly you can divide to 20 periods but roughly to three and with this I’m finish up until the 1860s up until the 1980s and now up until the
320. 106:34 1860s the study of the human mind study of the human mind which is what we call Psychology was an integral part of philosophy s by the way was physics physics was an integral part of philosophy so it was called natural philosophy so the study was an integral
321. 106:53 part of philosophy it had its limitations the fact that it was Amalgamated with philosophy had its limitations of course but it has its strong points because philosophy what philosophy teaches you philosophy teaches you to think it doesn’t teach you anything in my view
322. 107:10 not really anything about the world or anything but it teaches you one thing perfectly to think and so these people who wrote philos psychological texts before 1860 more or less at least they knew how to think you can see rigorous thinking in the text between 1860 and
323. 107:31 1980 this was the artistic phase artistic phase so you had people like Freud with psycho analysis and after this other schools including quasi pseudo scientific schools like behaviorism and so on you had these schools and they were writing narratives
324. 107:53 they were writing stories they were narrative narrative psychology it was a little like movie scripts they were writing movies about the mind no one saw an ego or a super ego or an it or know but it was a nice literary creation it was more literature than
325. 108:15 than science and it was artistic and it was narrative and it was a story about how the mind behaves until or less than 1980s starting with Freud or even before Freud Brer and so on and ending let’s say with object relations cood wito and others starting in the 1980s we have the
326. 108:42 pseudo scientific phe pseudo scientific phase which uses mathematics and machines machines and this is the medicalization of psychology psychology is a branch of scientific medicine Where will this lead I don’t know because when these people came to
327. 109:10 control psychology which they do now they got rid of all of this they said that all this is garbage it’s not scientific cannot be proved it’s nonsense it’s art it’s I don’t know what and there therefore we should be know not a single not a single
328. 109:26 university in the United States teaches for not one if you want to study psycho analysis and modern psycho analysis post of course there a lot a lot of work done in for instance in the 70s I mentioned coh kber others if you want to study object relations object relations
329. 109:42 schools are derivative of psychodynamic psychology which is derivative of psycho analysis whole field J field so if you want to study any of this you need to go to the psychoanalytic Institute in New York you can’t go to any University can’t go to Harvard you can’t go to Yale or
330. 109:57 Princeton or anywhere no one teaches this it’s considered garbage so they they threw all of it all this giant thing they threw it to the garbage today you go to you don’t have to believe me you can go online and look at the curriculum the syllabus of
331. 110:15 Harvard go to any University especially in California go to any University to study psychology you will will study Electronics mathematics uh machines like MRI this uh you will study statistical Behavior interpretation demographics epidemiology and so
332. 110:36 on in all these syllabus one thing is missing the human the human mind and the human and the human is a test and how to overcome the fact that we are locked inside locked inside side communicate with each other through a inter subjective agreement indirectly all of
333. 110:59 us I will finish with the famous story of the French um editor of a fashion magazine I don’t know if you saw this movie it’s a stunning movie it’s a book and it’s a book first movie second he was the editor of a fashion magazine and one day he took his son was divorced he took his
334. 111:18 son to a sports G or something and on the way he had a stroke he had a stroke in a car in his car and he was picked up and he brought to a hospital was brought to a hospital and he had something which we call locked in syndrome locked in syndrome locked in syndrome is when your
335. 111:43 mind functions perfectly functions perfectly but all your body sorry all your bodily functions are destroyed you can move nothing nothing not a finger not a nothing you are locked inside as a perfect human being no no no cognitive function is impaired you’re perfect you
336. 112:05 still think the same you everything so this guy was locked in he was able to move his low the lower lid of his left ey the lower li like that only this nothing no other part of his body only the lower Le he hired the I mean somehow suceeded to commun to hire a
337. 112:32 woman a nurse no woman second he developed a system where the letter a is this the letter B is this the letter c is three and he dictated a besteller he dictated a big bestell I mean like 700 Pages very big using his eye only that’s all moving his eye like this blinking with the
338. 113:02 blinks letter by letter can you imagine this the human mind the will willpower The Willpower the men was lower in evidence his body was finished you know all his functions were performed by other people and other machines only his eye only the lead of his eye and he dictated the
339. 113:27 whole book capture this with an MRI show me the mathematics to describe this it’s [ __ ] the new direction of psychology is utter nonsense philosophically non-rigorous and ignoring the subject matter itself thing that stands at the center it should always extended the center the
340. 113:54 human mind the true subject of our studies is gun you do not find the word human mind in the Harvard syllabus of psychology the entire syllabus you don’t have to trust it you do not find the word might the entire C I think also much thank you
341. 114:31 opinion question uh so it’s a long one um there’s the the question of really repeat itself so that question is not really uh it’s not
342. 114:49 um don’t uh so that question is
343. 114:56 [Music] um English is great I will answer in Hebrew um it’s not about does history itself it’s I mean it does but it’s because the human mind can only um responds in a in a p of responses like uh let’s say to a conflict he can uh run away he can fight back so that’s why uh there
344. 115:43 um when I say repeat that if I make a test on you today and test on you tomorrow you are not the same person that’s what Ian not that you I didn’t really get to the point so um it’s because of humans that they have limited respons history itself and
345. 116:05 that’s why like
346. 116:15 Theology and that’s what
347. 116:21 [Music] I think there’s going to be old school psychology and there’s going to be new school but it’s not it’s probably going Nam different so it’s going to be a new science there is neuro it’s not other bution like no no bution in terms of psychology yeah in terms of
348. 116:47 Neuroscience when you try to when you try to take from it’s reminds me when when you sometimes you go to all kinds of Isam and they talk about energy energy is a term in physics as a clear definition you know the minute you take it out of context and you bring it to
349. 117:05 another field and you misuse it you isamic so for me the minute the minute you are taking the minute you are detaching the minut you’re calling this psychology you are in a way not rigorous I don’t want to say not RoR same activity is being done in neuros Neuroscience Neuroscience
350. 117:29 departments they don’t make any psychological claims they don’t analyze anyone psychologically they start in the brain they don’t make claims inter disciplinary claims understand they St in the brain and they say okay when there is a pain there is reaction here
351. 117:45 they don’t make any claims that are supposedly about the human mind understand yeah but it is this cross that I yeah yeah I get it I get I don’t call it’s U happening right now the future is just like it’s happening right now it’s dividing into two but it’s slowly
352. 118:02 it’sing slowly so until they make a whole new sense they although I’m more pessimistic than you I think the machines will take over in other words everyone wants to be so so scientific that I think the parts that are not describable with mathematics and
353. 118:20 are not describable with Mach activity will be neglected to the point that they will vanish I think what you call old psychology I think will die because no one is teaching it and there there’s no new generations no continuation no nothing paradoxically only in nonwestern
354. 118:36 countries you still have still at this going on so in India for instance you flourishing flourishing schools pamic therapy and so but in the west it’s it’s dying why in the west it’s dying because everyone is looking for money and you can’t get money for this kind of thing
355. 118:54 you can get money for it’s easy to explain easy to show beautiful charts with color matics mathematics must be true so the whole thing is
356. 119:11 done psychology faculty was first established in so they made a connection at the time they it was normal and Psych psychiatria is in in medicine so it is divided I it was like that it should I just hope that the time will not come that they will mix up as it
357. 119:36 should be I have nothing against stud in the brain why would I have anything I can stud in the brain of course you should start bra but to call it psychology as as most psychologist are doing today that is to misrepresent what psychology is and what are the
358. 119:48 possibilities and limitations of psychology it’s very important it’s important to know when you’re in the discipline what you can and cannot do you know what it reminds me I’m watching Steph walking Stephen moring a physicist great or not is debatable I I
359. 120:04 I used to work with one of his students and his student beckenstein CLA that he St his work but that’s besides Steph haing is a physicist suddenly I see him on television talking about gold I don’t know what the meaning of life what the [ __ ] you know you’re a physicist
360. 120:23 you know it is this uh misuse of your Authority professional Authority and he is not speaking as a Layman who wants to express his opinion no he’s speaking as an authority because he’s a phist you know he touched God he he knows he this is wrong this is wrong all these phenomena
361. 120:45 are wrong it’s like asking a a movie a movie star about foreign policy because famous it is the it is the C of celebrity and psychologist modern psychologist in the west want to be celebrities they want money they want Power they want to be on the media they
362. 121:05 want to and can you be on the media with a lecture like this no trust me but can you bu with nice color charts from an MRI you can and you are any you want it’s a a big problem
363. 121:22 the old Psychology was concerned with human human mind the new psychology is concerned with the brain it basically all comes to the culture it basically comes to the confusion between brain and human life one think about the writers are they are narcissistic or not
364. 121:41 narcissistic yes narcissistic some writers are narcisstic some not it’s not about what you do it’s how you do it it’s not what you do it’s how you do it if if what if you do what you do in order mainly in order to obtain agulation admiration